It means to have personal robots? What are the implications for us as human beings? Will we fall in love with them? ... Back on our relationships with robots on the occasion of the first edition of InnoRobo Robolift and conferences which were associated. In a 2007 article which has remained a reference (Dawn of the Age of Robots - "At the dawn of the Age of Robots"), Bill Gates compared the evolution of robotics and computers to that predicted that day we would all have a robot at home, as we all ended up having a computer in our homes.
But we must recognize that they have not yet really reached the door of our homes, "says Cynthia Breazeal's Personal Robots Group the Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. And this is certainly due to the fact that, contrary to popular belief, they are not like computers.
expressivity IMPACT OF ROBOTS ON OUR PERCEPTION IS PARAMOUNT Robots know enter our "social brain", explains researcher during his presentation (. pdf), referring to the work of psychologists Fritz Heider and Marianne Simmel on the perception of animacy, that is to say, in cognition, the ability to distinguish an animate an inanimate being.
When we watch a robot move, his expressions, we look to be rather a thing. How the robot move forms is first seen as intentions or goals, before being angles or acceleration. We interpret the movements of the robot in psychological terms, as we interpret the movements of other human beings.
We promote our own psychological perceptions in what we see and it affects our social judgments, that is to say that the way we see someone influences our judgments. And Cynthia Breazeal this perspective opens up new applications for robots. It evokes an experiment that takes place with Nexi, a particularly expressive humanoid robot developed at MIT.
Often, says Cynthia Breazeal, patients are embarrassed by the problem they just talk with a doctor. Sometimes they do not say anything, even when they are asked. Would they be more inclined to talk to a robot as a nurse? Researchers from the Personal Robots Group at MIT have put together Nexi in context.
The robot was presented to a patient, explained its operation to get acquainted. After some discussion, the robot asked questions first serious general ("what is your favorite book? Where did you grow up?") Before asking personal questions. Researchers have modified his behavior several times to measure the impact of it and understand the factors that influence the listener.
And whether the moving words, the depth of connection, the proliferation of smiles ... had an impact on the perception people had of the robot. Users were asked to evaluate the robot and their response was clear: the more the robot ad'expressions and different gestures and people's perception was positive.
In it, Cynthia Breazeal considers the "social embodiment" can develop interactions that could not have imagined. This demonstration has made Sigurdur Orn Adalgeirsson MeBot with the same laboratory, a robotics system for a iPhone during a conference call with a remote person, the robot moving in unison with the remote person, to strengthen "the incarnation" (video).
Of course, the expressive and mobile device promotes empathy, commitment and collaboration. Mobility, body language reinforce the involvement significantly compared to a telepresence system fixed and expressionless. Video: MeBot, "a robotic platform for embodied social telepresence." Following this path, Cynthia Breazeal imagine many other applications.
The grandchildren are often uncomfortable with the phone and have difficulty talking with their grandparents remote, so that often they would like to play with them. The grandparents could they be more present through spam? Another example, researchers have found that when learning language, the audio is not enough.
Language learning is essentially social, as brilliantly explained Patricia Kuhl at TED, showing in particular that we have more difficulty learning a second language after 7 years 7 years before. To explore issues of language learning, researchers at MIT have constructed a Bear expressive, Huggable, which facilitates learning: as facial expressions and body help to understand the meaning of words.
"If we open to these possibilities, the Internet will become the body structuring of robotics to host multiple applications both in the field of health, play, learning, interpreting ... They will not intermediaries, but partners. "And Cynthia Breazeal to take another example, the automation, a robot coach to help people lose weight." What happens if one is good conscience, Jiminy Cricket a, assists you in your diet to help you make the right decisions at the right time, as a behavioral coach? " Five minutes of daily interaction with Autom sufficient to establish a regular dialogue.
The robot asks questions about what its owner has eaten, the sport he has done, congratulate, encourage or reprimand ... Well, introducing a dialogue to change social behavior. You may be inclined to think that you commend, encourage, or reprimand by a robot has no effect ... Well, most people think.
Cynthia Breazeal is as anxious to show the difference between robots and other technologies. So we did follow the same program in patients fitted with the robot, other, equipped with only a computer, and a third group which was to write its progress on a single sheet of paper. The researchers found that with spam, people tended to lose slightly less weight, but that engagement was definitely stronger and more durable.
Giving it a name, having a support for focusing their attention, saying hello, goodbye ... the robot facilitated the emotional commitment. So much so he is about to be sold (promotional video). The problem remains that the robots have difficulty understanding what we say in terms humane.
Leonardo, the most advanced expressive robot demonstrates the ability of a robot able to capture attention, learn new expressions and especially to show his emotions. Cynthia Breazeal, robots need not have a humanoid form, but we should look like: large eyes, hair or hair (which evoke the sweetness), an expressive mouth are different attributes.
But the researcher defends rather different robots. As can be seen watching his creatures, she acknowledges that he inspired a lot of animation. In the animation, we can give life to a flower or an ink stain. The important thing is to think of robots adapted to the niche psychological sight as Tofu a robot for the youngest whose body is very expressive, like a puppet (video) or Aur, the light that goes robotics where it belongs be helpful (video).
Video: Aur, the light robotics. We do not yet know the relationship that binds the robot to human, but starting with what we know of the relationship we have with humans, animals or technology, we can say that the intersection of these meetings, there will be robots. Cynthia Breazeal says that robots will not replace social interaction, but this technology is coming to completion.
THE IMPORTANT IS THE INTERACTION! Patrizia Marti is a designer and teaches human-computer interaction at the Department of Interactive Design at the University of Siena in Italy. His job is to mount experiments with robots in natural environments, to measure whether the robots, like humans, are predisposed to associate with anything that moves, or mime that lives the life ...
The field Patrizia Marti intervention concerns mainly the educational and social robotics, that is to say that she is primarily interested in introducing robots with sick children or old people - see his presentation (. pdf) . The Paro therapeutic robot, this little stuffed seal that responds to touch, was introduced in Japan for 7-8 years, mainly in schools and hospitals.
Using them in an Italian hospital patients suffering from advanced Alzheimer's, the idea was to see if Paro could be an alternative to drug therapy, if its use reduces the use of medication by providing another form of therapy . Paro reacts primarily with caresses. He knows to turn his head toward a sound and is very expressive, "says Patrizia Marti before showing a video very strong, that of an elderly patient who whines about his hospital bed, which is a sign of anxiety in patients Alzheimer's.
A doctor then introduced Paro. Age person said hello and caress as requested to the doctor. He speaks of the animal. The cuddly. A moment later, he removes Paro: The patient had already said several times he would have to leave. Two minutes later, the patient groans again. Patrizia Marti explained that this person was very aggressive and when it was not, she moaned constantly.
The robot here is the mediator of the relationship human / human. The therapist touches the robot, but also to invite the patient to touch the robot together, so that the patient hates being touched. The robot has to calm him down. "People have nothing to expect from a robot, which can eventually behave very relaxing," said Patrizia Marti.
In this nursing home, there are times reserved for groups of informal discussions in a common room . The more often older people move there, but they do not speak. They are sitting doing nothing. By introducing Paro, everything changed. Older people began to stroke it and it helped them focus their attention.
It allowed you to enter a discussion, not before becoming a reassuring presence, while people spoke of their memories. The role of the robot is to the social bond as a pet. It allows initiate the conversation ... Video: The use of Paro facing a patient with Alzheimer's disease. Patrizia Marti evokes another research project developed for children with disabilities through the European project Iromec.
The project's goal was to use robots to bring disabled children to play and develop their communicative and social potential. Hence the idea of developing a modular robot to adapt to different forms of disability and the needs and expectations of children. The team researcher has built game scenarios.
For children with autism for example, who are struggling to interpret the intent of their interlocutors, the idea was to develop a game bringing them in understanding the intent of the robot - which is much more predictable than human. Researchers have developed several games quite simple: a game where we send the robot and where we must return, he must learn to respect each round, an imitation game where you must the same as the robot and vice versa.
A game where one must follow the other and vice versa. A set of coordinated movements that require control his body to control the robot (on tape once in his hands, he goes straight, twice he goes left, etc.).. A dancing game where children must imitate the dancing robot or vice versa ...
And a game where you had to guess the emotional state of the robot and see if we could address them (videos 1 and 2). Video: Some scenarios for using Iromec with disabled children. "These examples show that it is important to design the activity that you want to accomplish with the robot, the importance of testing in natural environments," said Patrizia Marti.
"The robot certainly stimulates the exploration, but they also go by vulnerable individuals. Use it as a mediator between two people is interesting. But children and adults do not act the same way with robots and with humans. We are facing a new kind of technology that redefines our cognitive categories.
" 
But we must recognize that they have not yet really reached the door of our homes, "says Cynthia Breazeal's Personal Robots Group the Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. And this is certainly due to the fact that, contrary to popular belief, they are not like computers.
expressivity IMPACT OF ROBOTS ON OUR PERCEPTION IS PARAMOUNT Robots know enter our "social brain", explains researcher during his presentation (. pdf), referring to the work of psychologists Fritz Heider and Marianne Simmel on the perception of animacy, that is to say, in cognition, the ability to distinguish an animate an inanimate being.
When we watch a robot move, his expressions, we look to be rather a thing. How the robot move forms is first seen as intentions or goals, before being angles or acceleration. We interpret the movements of the robot in psychological terms, as we interpret the movements of other human beings.
We promote our own psychological perceptions in what we see and it affects our social judgments, that is to say that the way we see someone influences our judgments. And Cynthia Breazeal this perspective opens up new applications for robots. It evokes an experiment that takes place with Nexi, a particularly expressive humanoid robot developed at MIT.
Often, says Cynthia Breazeal, patients are embarrassed by the problem they just talk with a doctor. Sometimes they do not say anything, even when they are asked. Would they be more inclined to talk to a robot as a nurse? Researchers from the Personal Robots Group at MIT have put together Nexi in context.
The robot was presented to a patient, explained its operation to get acquainted. After some discussion, the robot asked questions first serious general ("what is your favorite book? Where did you grow up?") Before asking personal questions. Researchers have modified his behavior several times to measure the impact of it and understand the factors that influence the listener.
And whether the moving words, the depth of connection, the proliferation of smiles ... had an impact on the perception people had of the robot. Users were asked to evaluate the robot and their response was clear: the more the robot ad'expressions and different gestures and people's perception was positive.
In it, Cynthia Breazeal considers the "social embodiment" can develop interactions that could not have imagined. This demonstration has made Sigurdur Orn Adalgeirsson MeBot with the same laboratory, a robotics system for a iPhone during a conference call with a remote person, the robot moving in unison with the remote person, to strengthen "the incarnation" (video).
Of course, the expressive and mobile device promotes empathy, commitment and collaboration. Mobility, body language reinforce the involvement significantly compared to a telepresence system fixed and expressionless. Video: MeBot, "a robotic platform for embodied social telepresence." Following this path, Cynthia Breazeal imagine many other applications.
The grandchildren are often uncomfortable with the phone and have difficulty talking with their grandparents remote, so that often they would like to play with them. The grandparents could they be more present through spam? Another example, researchers have found that when learning language, the audio is not enough.
Language learning is essentially social, as brilliantly explained Patricia Kuhl at TED, showing in particular that we have more difficulty learning a second language after 7 years 7 years before. To explore issues of language learning, researchers at MIT have constructed a Bear expressive, Huggable, which facilitates learning: as facial expressions and body help to understand the meaning of words.
"If we open to these possibilities, the Internet will become the body structuring of robotics to host multiple applications both in the field of health, play, learning, interpreting ... They will not intermediaries, but partners. "And Cynthia Breazeal to take another example, the automation, a robot coach to help people lose weight." What happens if one is good conscience, Jiminy Cricket a, assists you in your diet to help you make the right decisions at the right time, as a behavioral coach? " Five minutes of daily interaction with Autom sufficient to establish a regular dialogue.
The robot asks questions about what its owner has eaten, the sport he has done, congratulate, encourage or reprimand ... Well, introducing a dialogue to change social behavior. You may be inclined to think that you commend, encourage, or reprimand by a robot has no effect ... Well, most people think.
Cynthia Breazeal is as anxious to show the difference between robots and other technologies. So we did follow the same program in patients fitted with the robot, other, equipped with only a computer, and a third group which was to write its progress on a single sheet of paper. The researchers found that with spam, people tended to lose slightly less weight, but that engagement was definitely stronger and more durable.
Giving it a name, having a support for focusing their attention, saying hello, goodbye ... the robot facilitated the emotional commitment. So much so he is about to be sold (promotional video). The problem remains that the robots have difficulty understanding what we say in terms humane.
Leonardo, the most advanced expressive robot demonstrates the ability of a robot able to capture attention, learn new expressions and especially to show his emotions. Cynthia Breazeal, robots need not have a humanoid form, but we should look like: large eyes, hair or hair (which evoke the sweetness), an expressive mouth are different attributes.
But the researcher defends rather different robots. As can be seen watching his creatures, she acknowledges that he inspired a lot of animation. In the animation, we can give life to a flower or an ink stain. The important thing is to think of robots adapted to the niche psychological sight as Tofu a robot for the youngest whose body is very expressive, like a puppet (video) or Aur, the light that goes robotics where it belongs be helpful (video).
Video: Aur, the light robotics. We do not yet know the relationship that binds the robot to human, but starting with what we know of the relationship we have with humans, animals or technology, we can say that the intersection of these meetings, there will be robots. Cynthia Breazeal says that robots will not replace social interaction, but this technology is coming to completion.
THE IMPORTANT IS THE INTERACTION! Patrizia Marti is a designer and teaches human-computer interaction at the Department of Interactive Design at the University of Siena in Italy. His job is to mount experiments with robots in natural environments, to measure whether the robots, like humans, are predisposed to associate with anything that moves, or mime that lives the life ...
The field Patrizia Marti intervention concerns mainly the educational and social robotics, that is to say that she is primarily interested in introducing robots with sick children or old people - see his presentation (. pdf) . The Paro therapeutic robot, this little stuffed seal that responds to touch, was introduced in Japan for 7-8 years, mainly in schools and hospitals.
Using them in an Italian hospital patients suffering from advanced Alzheimer's, the idea was to see if Paro could be an alternative to drug therapy, if its use reduces the use of medication by providing another form of therapy . Paro reacts primarily with caresses. He knows to turn his head toward a sound and is very expressive, "says Patrizia Marti before showing a video very strong, that of an elderly patient who whines about his hospital bed, which is a sign of anxiety in patients Alzheimer's.
A doctor then introduced Paro. Age person said hello and caress as requested to the doctor. He speaks of the animal. The cuddly. A moment later, he removes Paro: The patient had already said several times he would have to leave. Two minutes later, the patient groans again. Patrizia Marti explained that this person was very aggressive and when it was not, she moaned constantly.
The robot here is the mediator of the relationship human / human. The therapist touches the robot, but also to invite the patient to touch the robot together, so that the patient hates being touched. The robot has to calm him down. "People have nothing to expect from a robot, which can eventually behave very relaxing," said Patrizia Marti.
In this nursing home, there are times reserved for groups of informal discussions in a common room . The more often older people move there, but they do not speak. They are sitting doing nothing. By introducing Paro, everything changed. Older people began to stroke it and it helped them focus their attention.
It allowed you to enter a discussion, not before becoming a reassuring presence, while people spoke of their memories. The role of the robot is to the social bond as a pet. It allows initiate the conversation ... Video: The use of Paro facing a patient with Alzheimer's disease. Patrizia Marti evokes another research project developed for children with disabilities through the European project Iromec.
The project's goal was to use robots to bring disabled children to play and develop their communicative and social potential. Hence the idea of developing a modular robot to adapt to different forms of disability and the needs and expectations of children. The team researcher has built game scenarios.
For children with autism for example, who are struggling to interpret the intent of their interlocutors, the idea was to develop a game bringing them in understanding the intent of the robot - which is much more predictable than human. Researchers have developed several games quite simple: a game where we send the robot and where we must return, he must learn to respect each round, an imitation game where you must the same as the robot and vice versa.
A game where one must follow the other and vice versa. A set of coordinated movements that require control his body to control the robot (on tape once in his hands, he goes straight, twice he goes left, etc.).. A dancing game where children must imitate the dancing robot or vice versa ...
And a game where you had to guess the emotional state of the robot and see if we could address them (videos 1 and 2). Video: Some scenarios for using Iromec with disabled children. "These examples show that it is important to design the activity that you want to accomplish with the robot, the importance of testing in natural environments," said Patrizia Marti.
"The robot certainly stimulates the exploration, but they also go by vulnerable individuals. Use it as a mediator between two people is interesting. But children and adults do not act the same way with robots and with humans. We are facing a new kind of technology that redefines our cognitive categories.
"
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